Moralo o thata oa PCB: Ke etsa bonnete ba hore taolo e nepahetseng ea impedance ke efe?

Hangata baenjiniere le baqapi ba bangata ba tobana le mathata a ho laola meralo ea PCB e thata. Karolo ena ea bohlokoa e tiisa botšepehi ba pontšo le ts'ebetso e bonolo ea potoloho. Ka poso ena ea blog, re tla tšohla mekhoa le litloaelo tse fapaneng ho u thusa ho netefatsa taolo e nepahetseng ea meralo ea meralo ea PCB e thata.

1. Utloisisa metheo ea taolo ea impedance

Impedance ke khanyetso ea potoloho ho phallo ea alternating current (AC). Moqapi oa PCB, taolo ea impedance e bolela ho boloka boleng bo itseng ba ho thibela matšoao ho netefatsa ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ea matšoao. E lekantsoe ka li-ohms 'me hangata e hloka taolo e nepahetseng ho thibela ho senyeha ha matšoao le litaba tse ling tsa ts'ebetso.

2. Nahana ka PCB stackup

Ho bokellana ha mapolanka a rigid-flex ho na le phello e kholo taolong ea impedance. Stacking e hlophisitsoeng ka hloko e tiisa hore potoloho eohle e fihla boemong bo lakatsehang ba impedance. Ho finyella sena, ke habohlokoa ho khetha ka hloko palo le mofuta oa lihlopha, lisebelisoa tsa dielectric, le botenya ba tsona. Lisebelisoa tse kang software ea botšepehi ba matšoao li ka thusa ho tseba maemo a hlokahalang bakeng sa taolo e nepahetseng ea impedance.

3. Mehaho ea moralo bakeng sa bophara ba trace le sebaka

Ho latela bophara le sebaka sa sebaka ka ho toba li ama taolo ea impedance. Mesaletsa e tšesaane ka kakaretso e na le impedance e phahameng, ha mesaletsa e pharaletseng e na le impedance e tlase. Ho bohlokoa ho bala bophara bo hlokahalang ho latela sekheo se hlokahalang le ho netefatsa sebaka se lekaneng lipakeng tsa mesaletsa e haufi ho thibela crosstalk le tšitiso e 'ngoe ea matšoao.

4. Lisebelisoa tsa dielectric tse laoloang

Khetho ea thepa ea dielectric e boetse e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa taolong ea impedance. Lisebelisoa tse fapaneng li na le li-constants tse fapaneng tsa dielectric, tse amang ts'ebetso ea ts'ebetso ea mohlala. Ho khetha lisebelisoa tsa dielectric tse laoloang ho lumella taolo e nepahetseng ea impedance. Ho khothalletsoa ho buisana le mofani oa thepa le ho sebelisa litlhaloso tsa bona ho netefatsa lipalo tse nepahetseng tsa impedance.

5. Ho beoa ka nepo ha likarolo

Ho beoa ka nepo ha likarolo ho ka ama taolo ea impedance haholo. Ho beha likarolo tsa lebelo le phahameng haufi ho khutsufatsa bolelele ba mesaletsa ea matšoao le ho fokotsa monyetla oa ho se lumellane ha impedance. Sena ha se ntlafatse feela botšepehi ba matšoao empa hape se fokotsa ho rarahana ha kakaretso ea moralo.

6. Theknoloji ea ho tsamaisa tsela e laoloang ke impedance

Theknoloji ea routing e boetse e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho fihlelleng taolo ea impedance. Mefuta e fapaneng ea mesaletsa, joalo ka microstrip kapa stripline, e na le litšobotsi tse ikhethang tsa impedance. Sebelisa litataiso tsa ho tsamaisa tse fanoeng ke moetsi le software ea ketsiso ho tsamaisa mats'oao a lebelo le phahameng ka nepo ha u ntse u boloka tšitiso e hlokahalang.

7. Netefatsa le ho etsisa impedance

Ho netefatsa taolo e nepahetseng ea impedance, litekanyetso tse baloang tsa impedance li tlameha ho netefatsoa le ho etsisoa. Lisebelisoa tsa ketsiso ea Ponahalo ea Lets'oao li ka thusa ho sekaseka boits'oaro ba mats'oao moahong le ho tseba mathata a ka bang teng a amanang le ts'oaetso. Ka ho etsisa maemo a fapaneng, o ka netefatsa moralo oa hau mme oa etsa liphetoho tse hlokahalang bakeng sa taolo e nepahetseng ea impedance.

8. Sebetsa le litsebi tsa tlhahiso ea PCB

Ho sebetsa le molekane ea nang le boiphihlelo oa ho etsa PCB ho ka fana ka leseli la bohlokoa ho fihlela taolo e nepahetseng ea impedance. Ba ka fana ka likeletso mabapi le bokhoni ba tlhahiso, khetho ea thepa, le thuso ka liteko tsa impedance. Bohlale ba bona bo netefatsa hore sehlahisoa sa ho qetela se kopana le lintlha tse hlokahalang tsa impedance.

Ka kakaretso, taolo e nepahetseng ea impedance e bohlokoa bakeng sa ho netefatsa botsitso le ts'ebetso e nepahetseng ho meralo ea PCB e thata-flex. Ka ho utloisisa lintlha tsa motheo, ho nahana ka stackup, ho lekola bophara le sebaka, ho sebelisa lisebelisoa tsa dielectric tse laoloang, ho ntlafatsa ho beoa ha likaroloana, ho sebelisa mekhoa e nepahetseng ea ho tsamaisa, le ho etsa moralo oa ho etsisa, u ka etsa bonnete ba hore u finyella taolo e lakatsehang ea ho itšireletsa moahong oa hau oa PCB o thata. Ho sebetsa le setsebi sa tlhahiso ea PCB ho ka eketsa sekhahla sa katleho ea moralo oa hau.